Executive Summary :: Economics

Executive Summary This report will look for alternative ways in which the London Underground can change their prices in order to reduce their loss in terms of total revenue. The report will both identify and analyse these alternative methods in an attempt to find the most suitable way of increasing the revenue for the London Underground. The report will also look at how elasticity plays a key role in determining any decisions as well as the outcome of these decisions made. The London Underground is at this very time running at a loss and is in urgent need of things being turned around. The London Underground may at one point in the future be privatised. What we need to determine is how we can increase revenue before it floats so that potential shareholders will be attracted. We must see how prices can be adjusted in coincidence with the market segments so that revenue can be increased. Elasticity is crucial in our thinking as it can have a big impact. 1.1 DEFINITION OF ELASTICITY Elasticity is the concept in economics that measures the responsiveness of one variable in response to another variable. The best measure of this responsiveness is the proportional or percent change in the variables. This gives the most usable results for any type or range of data. Thus elasticity is the proportional (or percent) change in one variable relative to the proportional change in another variable. The general formula for elasticity is: E = percent change in x / percent change in y 1.12 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELASTIC AND INELASTIC DEMAND Elastic means something is highly responsive to changes in something else. For example, elastic demand means that the quantity demanded changes a lot when the price changes. Inelastic demand means that the quantity demanded does not change much when the price changes. 2.0 WAYS IN WHICH FARES CAN BE ADJUSTED 2.01 OPTION 1 One way of adjusting prices can be to decrease the fares for students. Students often use this service as a means of transport to get to their respective universities. If fare prices are lower, even though the income per ticket is less, it may overall increase sales revenue. Other discounts may also be offered if a quarterly or seasonally train pass was purchased, which would attract student to this service. 2.02 OPTION 2 Fare prices can be increased because many people see this service as inelastic as they do not have any other means of transport. A lot of business people use this service and may well be able to afford to pay the extra cost. However this is a very risky method as it may encourage people to use private transport which may take the business

Vocal awareness

Language and vocal awareness Language Is a key element to be explored In drama. An Important characteristic of dramatic language Is the way it indicates the mood of a scene. It does this, by Incorporating stage directions Into the dialogue. We can often tell the mood of a character by the language that is used. For example the repetitions of the noun ‘Laurence' suggest that Beverly was annoyed with the fact that Laurence wasn't doing what she asked him to do. The way in which a play is written can inform us of the time period, the setting and it also helps to give each individual character an identity.Dramatic language is also able to indicate how actors should be grouped together upon the stage, for example the character of Beverly as a host of the dinner party she has to be up and serving drinks to make sure her guests are comfortable and satisfied. Altogether language helps the actors/actress to convey a naturalistic performance. The technique I found particularly useful whe n exploring my character has been language. This technique really developed my characterization as well as improved my knowledge and understanding of my character Beverly as she uses a range variety of punctuation.An example of this Is with the rhetorical question ‘dya know what I mean' this may suggest that Beverly Is the sort of person that Ilkes to be understood. Secondly, Beverly also uses a lot of question marks: ‘Dya get something to eat? ‘Dya get those larger? as the play was written in 1977 and the traditional role of women's changed in the 1 920's can suggest that Beverly abuses the freedom of not having to follow the traditional role of a women (cook and clean and providing) although she doesn't work but she still doesn't cook (that's why Laurence eats a lot of fast-food).We used an exercise in class where we walked around the room reading our monologues aloud and when we got to a punctuation marking such as a full stop or question mark we had to turn 90 degrees and then carry on. This told us where all the breaks where In the monologue and by doing this helped us get a better understanding of where the tension was In the piece. For example my character was Beverly; she's a very demanding character so the first scene starts off with lots of explanation marks: ‘Laurence! ‘ ‘No! this tells me that my character is quite angry and he tension would be high in this part of the monologue. As we continuously repeated this exercise which included the turning around and round (bearing in mind Beverly is the host of the party so she has to do a lot of talking, this was a disadvantage for me) which made me feel dizzy and as if the room was spinning around. This was relevant to my role because the whole dizzy effect can be used to portray a naturalistic performance as In the play Beverly drinks a lot so the dizziness can be a result of the alcohol.This can change her use in language as she is drunk. Vocal Awareness using my mon ologue piece I had to vocalise the vowels the consonants and the consonant only. My character was Beverly, I had to read act 1 scene 1 on all of Beverlys line reading only the consonant without pronouncing the vowels. This exercise seemed a bit weird at first as but I then realised that the character of demanding as she's always asking him to do things and she's always nagging constantly, she doesn't keep to the rural traditional wife law of having children, cooking and cleaning and expect Laurence to always eat takeaway and ‘pizza'.This technique really helped me to learn more about my character also using this technique helped me noticed that my character uses a lot of â€Å"Irnc† which kind of sounds like the word ‘drink this is significant as in the play Beverly continuously offers her guests drink Sue in particular as she declined most time but was forced by Beverly to have some more this also links with Beverleys super objective which is to keep her guest oc cupied and comfortable by offering them drinks as her way of being a good host as she's always trying to make a good impression.

Reflection On The Book Night - 717 Words

What would it do to a person to go to a concentration camp, see the horrible things, and come out alive? This book, Night, is about Eliezer Wiesel, who is both the main character and the author. Elie’s book is a memorial about his experience in Hitler’s concentration camps, what he went through, and how he survived. This paper is going to be about Eliezer’s horrific experience and the ways that it changed him. One of the horrific moments that Eliezer went through is the time the small boy got hung and it took half an hour for him to die. â€Å"But the third rope was still moving: the child, too light, was still breathing†¦ And so remained for more than half an hour†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Weisel 65) This changed him a lot because he knew how brutal the world†¦show more content†¦An event very related to his feeling after his father’s death was when he saw the mob of people fighting over the bread and he saw a child kill his own father just for a piece of bread: His eyes lit up, a smile, like a grimace, illuminated his ashen face. And was immediately extinguished. A shadow had lain down beside him. And this shadow threw itself over him. Stunned by the blows, the old man was crying: â€Å"Mier, my little Mier! Don’t you recognize me†¦ You’re killing your father†¦ I have bread†¦ for you too†¦ for you too†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He collapsed. But his fist was still clutching a small crust. He wanted to raise it to his mouth. But the other threw himself on him. The old man mumbled something, groaned, and died. Nobody cared. His son searched him, took the crust of bread, and began to devour it. (Weisel 101) The boy killed his father without any sign of grief or hesitation just so that he could have a simple piece of bread. Eliezer knew he could never do something like this to his father, but he was thinking about just letting him die, so that he wouldn’t have to deal with him. Even with this thought he was able to resist the urge, unlike the Rabbi’s son. â€Å"...Separation to free himself of a burden†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Weisel 91) The Rabbi’s son had left his father so that he would have better chances of survival. These events led Eliezer to realize how people, including himself, could change while trying to survive inside one of Hitler’s concentration camps. 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